Sanitary Pads Raw Material Composition and Properties

# Sanitary Pads Raw Material Composition and Properties

Sanitary pads are essential hygiene products used by millions of women worldwide. Understanding the raw materials that go into their production is crucial for ensuring quality, comfort, and safety. This article delves into the composition and properties of the raw materials used in sanitary pads.

## Core Components of Sanitary Pads

The primary components of sanitary pads include the top sheet, absorbent core, back sheet, and adhesive. Each of these components is made from specific materials that contribute to the overall functionality of the pad.

### Top Sheet

The top sheet is the layer that comes into direct contact with the skin. It is typically made from non-woven fabrics or perforated films. These materials are chosen for their softness, breathability, and ability to wick moisture away from the skin.

### Absorbent Core

The absorbent core is the heart of the sanitary pad, responsible for absorbing and retaining menstrual fluid. It is usually composed of a blend of fluff pulp and superabsorbent polymers (SAP). Fluff pulp provides bulk and structure, while SAP enhances the pad’s absorbency by turning liquid into gel.

### Back Sheet

The back sheet is the outermost layer of the sanitary pad, designed to prevent leakage. It is commonly made from polyethylene or polypropylene films, which are waterproof yet breathable. This layer ensures that the pad remains discreet and comfortable during use.

### Adhesive

Adhesives are used to secure the sanitary pad to the underwear. These adhesives are typically pressure-sensitive and are formulated to be gentle on fabrics while providing a strong hold. They are often made from synthetic rubber or acrylic-based compounds.

## Properties of Raw Materials

The raw materials used in sanitary pads must possess specific properties to ensure the product’s effectiveness and user comfort.

### Softness and Comfort

The top sheet and absorbent core must be soft to prevent irritation and discomfort. Non-woven fabrics and fluff pulp are chosen for their gentle texture and ability to conform to the body’s contours.

### Absorbency and Retention

High absorbency is crucial for the core material. Superabsorbent polymers are particularly effective, as they can absorb many times their weight in liquid and retain it under pressure, preventing leaks.

### Breathability

Breathability is essential to prevent moisture buildup and maintain skin health. The top sheet and back sheet materials are designed to allow air circulation, reducing the risk of irritation and odor.

### Leakage Prevention

The back sheet must be impermeable to liquids to prevent leaks. Polyethylene and polypropylene films are ideal for this purpose, as they provide a reliable barrier while remaining lightweight and flexible.

### Adhesive Strength

The adhesive must be strong enough to keep the pad in place during movement but gentle enough to be removed without damaging the underwear. Synthetic rubber and acrylic-based adhesives strike this balance effectively.

## Conclusion

The raw materials used in sanitary pads are carefully selected to ensure optimal performance, comfort, and safety. From the soft top sheet to the absorbent core and leak-proof back sheet, each component plays a vital role in providing a reliable and comfortable menstrual hygiene solution. Understanding these materials and their properties helps in appreciating the engineering and innovation behind everyday sanitary products.